Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): From Diagnosis to Treatment

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age. It is characterized by the presence of multiple cysts on the ovaries, menstrual irregularities, and hormonal imbalances. PCOS is a complex condition with a wide range of symptoms and varying degrees of severity. PCOS not only affects women of childbearing age but also adolescent girls and post- menopausal women. Most of the women affected by PCOS belong to the age group of 18-44 year. This condition affects about 5-10 percent of women of reproductive age and it is the most common endocrine disorder in women. Some of the most common symptoms include irregular periods, excessive hair growth, acne, and weight gain. PCOS is also associated with an increased risk of infertility, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. The exact cause of PCOS is not fully understood, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic, hormonal, and lifestyle factors. Treatment for PCOS is focused on managing symptoms and reducing the risk of complications. Lifestyle changes, such as exercise and a healthy diet, are often recommended as the first line of treatment. Medications may also be prescribed to regulate menstrual cycles, reduce androgen levels, and improve insulin sensitivity. PCOS can be a challenging condition to manage, but with proper diagnosis and treatment, most women with PCOS can lead healthy and fulfilling lives. Regular medical check-ups, healthy lifestyle choices, and ongoing support from healthcare providers can help women with PCOS to manage their symptoms and reduce their risk of complications.